Ulawulo lwamanzi amdaka
ISebe leeNkonzo zokusiNgqongileyo leSixeko saseTacoma lisebenza amaziko amabini okucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, lisebenza iibhiliyoni zeelitha zamanzi amdaka ngonyaka, kwaye ligcina imibhobho yogutyulo olungaphezulu kweemayile ezingama-700. Amanzi amdaka asuka ezindlini nakumashishini—aphuma kwiisinki, kwiishawari, nakwizindlu zangasese—athuthwa ngothungelwano lwemibhobho kunye nezitishi zokumpompa ukuya kwindawo yokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, apho alungiswa khona phambi kokuba akhululwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuya e-Commencement Bay.
isishwankathelo
Iinkonzo zokusingqongileyo zilawula amanzi amdaka ngenkqubo ebanzi eyilelwe ukukhusela impilo yoluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwendawo. Enyanisweni, oku kuthetha:
- Ukuqokelela: Uthungelwano olubanzi lweendlela zogutyulo luqokelela amanzi amdaka kumakhaya, kumashishini, nakumashishini.
- Unyango: Izibonelelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zisebenzisa iinkqubo zomzimba, zebhayoloji, kunye neekhemikhali ukususa ungcoliseko emanzini.
- Ukukhupha & Sebenzisa kwakhona: Akuba ecociwe, amanzi akhutshelwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindlela zamanzi zasekuhlaleni okanye aphinde asetyenziselwe ukusetyenziswa okuluncedo, ngelixa ethobela imigangatho yengingqi, yelizwe, kunye neyomdibaniso yokusingqongileyo.
Amaxabiso Amanzi amdaka
Amazinga amanzi amdaka axhasa iinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ezikhusela impilo yoluntu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Baxhasa ngemali ukucocwa kwelindle ukuze kuthintelwe ungcoliseko kwi-Commencement Bay kunye nemijelo yasekhaya, ukulungiswa kwamanzi okuphinda kusetyenziswe iibhiliyoni zeelitha ngonyaka, kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla okuguqula i-biogas ibe amandla avuselelekayo. Iireyithi zikwanceda ukuvelisa iimveliso zegadi zeTAGRO kunye nokugcina ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi amdaka esixekweni, ukuhanjiswa, kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ukuqinisekisa ngenkonzo ethembekileyo kuluntu.
Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neereyithi zamanzi amdakaFunda nzulu
Iqela leTacoma loLawulo lwaManzi amdaka lisebenza imini nobusuku ukugcina amanzi esixeko sethu ecocekile kwaye okusingqongileyo kusempilweni. Inkqubo ibandakanya izikhululo zokumpompa kwaye ezimbini eziphambili izityalo zonyango ezisusa izinto ezingcolisa umoya phambi kokuba zikhuphe amanzi abuyele kwi-Puget Sound. Funda ngokuqhubeka kwethu iiprojekthi zokuphucula okwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle nozinzo, phonononga i imbali yokucoca amanzi amdaka eTacoma, okanye cwangcisa ukhenketho ukuzibonela ngokwam inkqubo. Ukuzinikela kwethu kulawulo lwendalo esingqongileyo kukhokelwa yi Inkqubo yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo kunye noZinzo (ESMS), ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo ekukhuseleni iindlela zamanzi zendawo.
-
I-Tacoma isebenzisa izikhululo zokumpompa ezingama-50 ezihambisa amanzi amdaka ngemigca yogutyulo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye. Ukunceda ukugcina inkqubo isebenza, gwema ukugungxula izinto ezinokubangela ukusilela kwisikhululo sempompo kwaye zikhokelela kwii-backups ze-sewer.
-
IsiXeko sisebenza ngeendawo ezimbini eziphumelele ibhaso zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ezibonelela abathengi bethu abangaphezulu kwama-90,000: iZiko lokucoca amanzi amdaka elikuMbindi kunye neNorth End yokuCoca amanzi amdaka.
Zombini izityalo zonyango zithathwa njengemeko yobugcisa kodwa zisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. I-Central Waste Water Treatment Plant, ehlala kwi-Tideflats ecaleni koMlambo i-Puyallup, isebenzisa i-oksijini ecocekileyo kunye neebhaktheriya "ezilungileyo" ukususa izinto eziphilayo kumanzi amdaka. I-North End Waste Water Treatment Plant e-Mason Gulch off Ruston Way isebenzisa iikhemikhali zokususa izinto eziphilayo kunye nesihlungi esineebhaktheriya "ezilungileyo" zokunyanga amanzi amdaka ngaphambi kokuba angene kwi-Puget Sound.
Iziko lokucoca amanzi amdaka kumbindi sesinye sezona zixhobo ziphucukileyo kwezobuchwephesha esizweni, sisebenzela iTacoma, iFife, iFircrest, kunye nenxalenye yePierce County engabandakanywanga - malunga nabathengi abangama-20,000 bebonke.
Umzi-mveliso uhlaziya i-100% ye-biosolids yayo esetyenzisiweyo ukuze ibe nokuphumelela ibhaso I-TAGRO Ukuxuba kunye neemveliso zePotting Soil, ezinceda izitiya ukuba zichume kulo mmandla.
Phakathi kweempawu zayo ezintsha yinkqubo yokwetyisa kabini, evelisa i-biosolids ekumgangatho obalaseleyo weKlasi A. Esi sityalo sinendawo yonyango ehamba phambili enokuthi ikwazi ukuphatha ngokukhawuleza umthamo ophezulu wamanzi ngexesha lezaqhwithi ezinzima, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuphuma kwamanzi amdaka. Ngexesha leziganeko ezinkulu zesaqhwithi, isityalo sinokusebenza ngaphezulu kwe-130 yezigidi zeelitha zamanzi amdaka ngosuku.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yokukhula kweTacoma, isityalo siye saphuculwa kakhulu kwi-2008. Kwi-2014, iBhodi yeSithili yeSithili se-Pierce County Flood Control Zone ityale i-6 yezigidi zeedola ukuze kwakhiwe udonga lwezikhukhula olujikeleze indawo, lukhusela kwiingozi ezinokubakho zezikhukhula. Le projekthi ibaluleke kakhulu yakhethwa ukuze kuthintelwe amanzi amdaka angacocwanga ukuba angangeni kwimizila yamanzi yasekuhlaleni, enokuba neempembelelo ezinabileyo kumashishini, kulonwabo nakwizilwanyana zasendle.
Iplanti yokucoca amanzi amdaka eNorth End isebenzisa iikhemikhali kunye nezihluzi ezinebhaktheriya eziluncedo ukunyanga amanzi amdaka ngaphambi kokuba angene kwi-Puget Sound kwaye yamkelwa njengenye yezona ndawo zintsha kwisizwe. Indlela yayo eyongayo, eyonga iindleko izuze ibhaso eliwonga lesizwe kwiYunivesithi yaseRutgers ngokuphucula imveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokongiwa kweendleko ngobuchule bokusombulula iingxaki.
Ngokungafaniyo nezityalo zonyango eziqhelekileyo, inkqubo ye-North End esebenza kakhulu isusa imfuno yamatanki amakhulu kunye nomhlaba owongezelelweyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokwakha. Uphuculo lwalo mzi-mveliso, olwagqitywa phakathi kowe-1989 nowe-1997, lwaxabisa i-10 lezigidi zeerandi—ngaphantsi lee kwii-$38 zezigidi zenkqubo eqhelekileyo. Esi sibonelelo siyaqhubeka ukudlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lweTacoma.
-
Sinikezela ngokhenketho lwemfundo kubafundi kunye namaqela oluntu ukubonisa indlela ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ayimfuneko ngayo ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kwamanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo.
Ukucwangcisa ukhenketho lweqela, qhagamshelana neZiko lokuCoca aManzi amdaka
ifowuni: (253) 502-2176 -
Isiseko samanzi amdaka saseTacoma, esinamacandelo angaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100 ubudala, siyaqhubeka nokuphuculwa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle. Ukusukela ngo-1995, isiXeko siphumeze iNkqubo yokuNgena nokuNgena ebukhali, sityala imali ezizigidi ezi-4 zeerandi ngonyaka ukubuyisela okanye ukulungisa imibhobho emidala evumela amanzi aphantsi komhlaba ukuba angene kwinkqubo. Sisebenzisa iteknoloji engenamsele ukubuyisela imibhobho emidala, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwezitrato, ukunciphisa iindlela ezijikayo, nokonga iindleko zokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwendlela.
-
ISebe leeNkonzo zokusiNgqongileyo leSixeko saseTacoma liphumeze iiNkqubo zoLawulo lokuSingqongileyo kunye noZinzo (ESMS) kwiZiko lokuCoca amanzi amdaka elikuMbindi kunye noLawulo lweNkunkuma eSolid ukomeleza ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo nokuzinza.
Yintoni i-ESMS?
An Inkqubo yoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo kunye noZinzo (ESMS) yindlela ecwangcisiweyo eyilelwe ukunceda imibutho:
- Ukunciphisa iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo
- Ukwandisa uzinzo
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokusingqongileyo
- Dibanisa imiba yokusingqongileyo kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
Isebe leeNkonzo zokusiNgqongileyo leTacoma liphuhlise isakhelo se-ESMS lisebenzisa Umbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe wokuMisela (ISO) 14001 uMgangatho, imodeli eyaziwayo yehlabathi yolawulo olusebenzayo lokusingqongileyo.
Ukomeleza ukuzibophelela kwethu, iiNkonzo zokusiNgqongileyo zikhuphe i Nkqubo wendalo echaza iinjongo zethu zokuphucula rhoqo.
Imiba yokuSingqongileyo ebalulekileyo kunye neenjongo
I-ESMS ifuna uphononongo olucokisekileyo lwemisebenzi yeziko ukuchonga iimpembelelo eziphambili zokusingqongileyo. Le miba ilandelayo yendalo esingqongileyo ichongiwe Iziko lokucoca amanzi amdaka kumbindi kwaye Iplanti yoNyango yaseNorth End, ngeenjongo ezibekelwe ukuphuculwa:
- Ukukhutshelwa kweGasi yoGcino – Guqula i-40% yokukhutshwa kwe-biogas ibe mafutha
- Ukukhutshelwa kweGasi yoGcino -Yengeza inkqubo yegesi yokugaya
- Ukukhutshelwa kweGasi yoGcino -Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya kunye nokuphucula imisebenzi ye-aerobic digester (quad).
- Iimpahla ezingekasilwa –Phucula isiXhobo soNyango seMntla soMmandla wokucoca ukucoca kunye nenkqubo yeklorin
E ICandelo loLawulo lweNkunkuma eSolid, imiba eyongezelelweyo yokusingqongileyo ichongiwe, ngeenjongo ezithile zokunciphisa iimpembelelo:
- Ukukhutshwa koMoya
Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu kwizithuthi kunye nokukhutshwa komoya we-CO2. - Ukusetyenziswa koVimba
Nciphisa ungcoliseko kumjelo wokurisayikilisha kwiindawo zokuhlala. - Ukukhutshwa komoya 2 (Injongo enxulumene nenkqubo yegesi yokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ayikagqitywa)
Lungiselela ukuqokelelwa kwegesi yokulahla inkunkuma kunye nenkqubo yokuvutha, kwaye unciphise ukukhutshwa kwegesi yokulahla inkunkuma phezu komhlaba.
Nge-ESMS, i-Tacoma iyaqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili ukugcinwa kwendalo, uzinzo, kunye nokusebenza ngokugqwesileyo.
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, qhagamshelana noJudith Scott
email: Jscott5@tacoma.gov -
ITacoma, eyayibizwa ngokuba sisiXeko sokuQala, yasekwa ngo-1868 nguGeneral Morton McCarver, owabona izibuko elinzulu lesixeko kunye nezixhobo zamaplanga njengezitshixo kwikamva layo. Ngo-1873, iTacoma yakhethwa njengesiphelo sendlela kaloliwe yaseMntla yePasifiki, ibeka inqanaba lophuhliso lwayo.
Inkqubo yogutyulo lweTacoma: Imijelo yokuqala yogutyulo lwabahlali yakhiwa eTacoma ngo-1880, eyilelwe ukuthwala inkunkuma ngqo kwi-Commencement Bay. Njengoko isixeko sasikhula, ukwanda kwemizi-mveliso kunye nabemi kwasongamela iinkqubo zendalo, nto leyo ebangela ungcoliseko oluphawulekayo.
Ngeminyaka yee-1940, isiXeko sabona imfuneko yokujongana nongcoliseko oluphuma kumbhobho ohambisa amanzi amdaka. Ngo-1944, abavoti bavuma ibhondi yezigidi ezi-3 zeerandi kulwakhiwo oluyimfuneko logutyulo kunye neplanti yokucoca amanzi amdaka ukuze isebenze kumbindi, emazantsi, nakwimpuma yeTacoma. Ukwakhiwa komjelo oyintloko wogutyulo lwaqala ngowe-1949.
Uphuculo Lwexesha elide: Ngo-1955, isiXeko saphuhlisa isicwangciso somgama omde sokuphucula ugutyulo nogutyulo lwamanzi amdaka, siqala ngokwahlula amanzi aphezu komhlaba kumanzi amdaka. Lo mzamo, owaqalwa ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950, wathintela ilindle elikrwada ukuba likhuphele kwimibhobho yezaqhwithi. Ngo-1993, yonke imijelo yezaqhwithi yayiye yakhunyulwa kumbhobho wogutyulo. Inkqubo yokungena kunye nokuNgena, utyalo-mali lwezigidi ezi-4 zeerandi ngonyaka ukuze kuphuculwe imibhobho emidala nokuthintela amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ukuba angangeni kwinkqubo. Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka namhlanje, isusa imibhobho yophahla lwabucala kwindlela yogutyulo oluchongwe ngovavanyo lomsi.
I-Tacoma yenze inkqubela enkulu ukusukela kwiintsuku zayo zokuqala zokuphuphuma kogutyulo. Namhlanje, icandelo loLawulo lwaManzi amdaka kunye noLawulo lwaManzi oMphezulu ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekucoceni nasekubuyiseleni imijelo yamanzi yasekhaya kunye neendawo ezihambisa amanzi. IsiXeko sisaqhubeka nokulwela ukhuseleko lolona butyebi bendalo buxabisekileyo boMntla-ntshona, lunegalelo kumgangatho wobomi bommandla.